The Abbey of St Albans was consecrated in AD 1115. The Abbot built
a stone cistern to hold rainwater, which he used to flush his
lavatory; so he may have been the first Englishman to have a
water-closet.
The house is now being restored, and one of the major discoveries was the garderobe---just a crude hole in a cupboard (which appears to have been widened for the royal visitor)---with a 22-foot drop down a stone shaft into the moat.